5/22/2023 0 Comments Transition from jabref to mendeley![]() ![]() IL-4 also inhibits Th1/Th17 cells and decrease the cytokine levels of IFN-γ, by decreasing IL-12 mediated activation of Th1 cells. These activated Th2 cells release IL-4 in a positive feedback mechanism. Th2 cells are stimulated by IL-4, which increases the production of effector cytokines like IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-25. Th2 cells are mediators of the humoral immune response, especially against helminths. An abnormal increase in IFN-γ expression has been observed to perpetuate the inflammation in autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis. Th1 cells are triggered by interleukin-12 (IL-12) to release the effector cytokine, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), which activates the macrophages and induces the expression of class II MHC molecules. ![]() T helper 1 (Th1) cells act through cell-mediated immune response, especially against bacteria or protozoa. Despite advances in the medical field, psoriasis still remains a disease without complete cure. Though elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been reported in the cutaneous lesions and in circulation of psoriasis patients, whether it is the cause or effect of the disease needs to be further explored. Though the aetiology of psoriasis remains unclear, several studies have proposed it to be multifactorial with involvement of several genetic and environmental factors leading to its clinical presentation. Its prevalence is 2–3% of the general population worldwide and may cause significant impairment to the quality of life in the affected person. Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease of the skin.
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